Unit 3 Around the House

Keep house to do the needed chores around the house

             Related form: housekeeper (noun)

             USAGE NOTE: Housekeeper refers to a special person who is hired to keep house.

             ▪ In modern societies, husbands and wives share in keeping house.

             ▪ The Amantes hired the a housekeeper to do most of the household chores.

Clean up to arrange neatly, to put in order

             Also: pick up, tidy up, strighten up

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: These idioms are separable. They are used for the general cleaning of homes, rooms, closets, work areas, and so on.

             ▪ Mrs. Potter told her son to clean up his room before going outside.

             ▪ Didn’t I tell you to pick your things up right away?

             ▪ The Richards tidied up the house before their guests arrived.

             ▪ Look at the mess in your closet! Straighten it up right now.

Put back to return to the proper place

             Also: put away

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: These idioms are separable. They are usually used to refer to specific items in a house or room.

             ▪ You’re supposed to put the dictionary back on the shelf after you’ve used it.

             ▪ We put away the Christmas decorations until next year.

Fix the meal to prepare the meal

             Also: fix breakfast, fix lunch, fix supper, fix dinner

             ▪ Jack fixed the meal Saturday night because his wife was sick.

             ▪ Some busy people don’t have time to fix breakfast in the morning.

             ▪ We decided to go to a restaurant instead of fixing dinner.

Do the dishes wash the dishes

             ▪ Older children are often responsible for doing the dishes at night.

             ▪ The Nelsons decided to do the dishes in the morning because it was so late.

Take out to remove unwanted items from the home

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: This idiom is separable. It is often used with the objects garbahe and trash.

             ▪ Could you please take out the garbage for me?

             ▪ It’s time to take the trash out. It’s beginning to smell.

Odds and ends various tasks that need to be done

             ▪ This weekend I stayed home and did some odds and ends around the house.

             ▪ Mrs. Aston drove into town because she had a few odds and ends to do.

Garage sale a special sale held in front of a house for the purpose of selling household items that are no longer needed

             Also: yard sale

             ▪ I put an ad in the newspaper for the garage sale we’re having this weekend.

             ▪ Some people make money by going to yard sales, buying items cheaply, and then reselling them.

Clean out to clean by removing unnecessary items

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: This idiom is separable. It is often used when an enclosed place such as a garage or other storage area needs cleaning after a long period of time.

             ▪ The Wilsons cleaned out their garage to prepare for a yard sale.

             ▪ There are so many old things stored in our closets that we should clean them up soon.

Fix up to repair, to fix

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: This idiom is separable. It generally refers to making improvements in appearance.

             ▪ We needed to fix up the front of the house before my parents visited.

             ▪ The Garretts like to buy older homes, fix them up, and then sell them for a profit.

Unit 2 In the Evening

Go out to leave home to do an activity (usually in the evening)

             ▪ Marco went out with his friends very often until he got married.

             ▪ Mr. and Mrs. Faulk go out for a walk almost every evening.

Stay out to remain away from home at night

             Opposite meaning: stay in (to stay at home)

             ▪ On New Year’s Eve many people stay out late at night.

             ▪ There was such a bad storm last night that we decided to stay in instead of going out.

Stay up to remain awake at night

             Related idiom: wait up

             USAGE NOTE: Wait up is often used when somone has to wait for another person, such as a child, to come home at night. Stay up can be used for this purpose, but it also has a more general meaning.

             ▪ Lisa was too tired to stay up for the late-night movie that she had planned to see.

             ▪ I can’t believe that my parents are going to wait up until I get home tonight.

Be tired out to be completely tired (usually at the end of the day)

             Also: be tuckered out

             USAGE NOTE: Be tuckered out is more informal than be tired out.

             ▪ I’m sorry that I’m too tired out to attend the lecture with you tonight.

             ▪ After a hard day’s work in the yard, Mr. Coulson said, “I’m tuckered out!”

Fall asleep to begin sleeping

             Also: drop off to sleep, doze off

             ▪ Terence fell asleep on the couch while watching a boring movie on TV.

             ▪ I like to read in the evening until I drop off to sleep around 10:00 P.M.

             ▪ One person in the theater audience started snoring after he dozed off.

Turn in to retire, to enter one’s bed

             Also: go to sleep, go to bed

             ▪ The Fares always turn in after watching the eleven o’clock news.

             ▪ When do you generally              go to sleep at night?

             ▪ Nancy was so tired that she couldn’t wait to go to bed.

Hit the sack to sleep

             Also: hit the hay, crash out

             USAGE NOTE: These idioms are more informal than turn in, go to sleep, and go to bed.

             ▪ I’m so tired that the only thing I want to do is take a shower and hit the sack.

             ▪ Arnold stumbled into the house at midnight and said, “Time to hit the hay!”

             ▪ Carla didn’t mind crashing out in her friend’s living room during her visit.

Bed down to prepare a temporary place to sleep

             USAGE NOTE: This idiom is usually used for sleeping outdoors in a temporary location.

             ▪ The hikers bedded down in a different place each night of their weeklong trip.

             ▪ The soldiers were told to bed down in the barn of an old farmhouse.

After hours after the normal, or permitted, time

             USAGE NOTE: After hours can be used as an adjecrive when it is hyphenated (-).

             ▪ Most large cities have a part of town where people can go after hours.

             ▪ The popular nightclub stayed open for a special after-hours party.

Unit 1 In the Morning

Wake up to awake, to arise from sleep

             Also: get up

             GRAMMAR/USAGE NOTES: These idioms can be used with or without an object. With an object, the idioms are separable. Get up literally means “ to get out of the bed”, which may happen some time after waking up.

             ▪ Ginger usually gets up before her parents, but this morning they had to wake her up.

             ▪ Sometimes after I wake up, I lie in bed for a while before I finally get up.

Crack of dawn the moment when sunlight is first seen in the mornig sky

             ▪ During the busy harvest season, farmers get up at the crack of dawn and don’t stop working until dusk.

Go off to sound, to ring

             USAGE NOTE: The subject is usually alarm or buzzer.

             ▪ When the alarm goes off in the morning, I jump out of bed immediately.

             ▪ Jack was late to work because he didn’t hear the buzzer go off.

Not sleep a wink to get no sleep (or very little sleep) during the night

             USAGE NOTE: The negative term hardly can substitute for not.

             ▪ The Wilsons couldn’t sleep a wink the first night they spent in their new house.

             ▪ The children were so excited about opening presents on Christmas Day that they hardly slept a wink on Christmas Eve.

Sleep like a log to sleep very well

             Also: sleep like a baby

             ▪ I didn’t wake up once las night. I must have slept like a log.

             ▪ Maria can sleep like a baby in almost any place, including airplanes and cars.

Take a shower to shower

             Related idiom: take a bath(to bathe)

             ▪ After easy exercise I take a shower, but after serious exercise I take a bath to relax my muscles.

Get ready to prepare oneself by getting dressed, eating breakfast, and so on

             ▪ It takes Linda about an hour to get ready for work if she hurries.

             ▪ The first thing I do to get ready in the morning is to shave.

Get someone going to stimulate into action

             GRAMMAR/USAGE NOTES: This idiom is used when someone is slow to act in the morning. A reflexive pronoun can also be used.

             ▪ There’s nothing like a good cup of coffee to get me going in the morning.

             ▪ Charlie likes to jog every morning to get himself going.

Start the day off (right) to begin the day with something good

             ▪ I usually start the day off by having some tea and reading the newspaper.

             ▪ Some people like to exercise to start the day off right.

Sleep in to stay in bed late in the morning

             ▪ On the weekends, many people like to sleep in.

             ▪ Josh chose to sleep in after staying up late the night before.

나를 성장시키는 대화법

원석도 갈고 다듬으면 보석이 되듯 말도 갈고 닦고 다듬으면 보석처럼 빛나는 예술이 된다.

같은 말이라도 때와 장소를 가려서 해라. 그 곳에서의 히트곡이 여기서는 소음이 된다.

이왕이면 다홍치마다. 말에도 온도가 있으니 썰렁한 말 대신 화끈한 말을 써라.

내가 하고 싶은 말에 열 올리지 말고 그가 듣고 싶어하는 말을 하라.

입에서 나오는 대로 말하지 말라. 체로 거르듯 곱게 말해도 불량율은 생기게 마련이다.

상대방을 보며 말하라. 눈이 맞아야 마음도 맞게 된다.

풍부한 예화를 들어가며 말하라. 예화는 말의 맛을 내는 훌륭한 천연 조미료이다.

한번 한 말을 두번다시 하지를 말라. 듣는 사람을 지겹게 하려면 그렇게 하라.

일관성 있게 말하라. 믿음을 잃으면 진실도 거짓이 되어 버린다.

말을 독점 말고 상대방에게도 기회를 주어라. 대화는 일방통행이 아니라 쌍방교류다.

상대방의 말을 끝까지 들어줘라. 말을 자꾸 가로채면 돈 빼앗긴 것보다 더 기분 나쁘다.

내 생각만 옳다고 생각하면 큰 오산이다. 상대방의 의견도 옳다고 받아들여라.

죽는 소리를 하지 말라. 죽는 소리를 하면 천하장사도 살아 남지 못한다.

상대방이 말할 때는 열심히 경청하라. 지방방송은 자신의 무식함을 나타내는 신호다.

불평불만을 입에서 꺼내지 말라. 불평불만은 불운의 동업자다.

재판관이 아니라면 시시비비를 가리려 말라. 옳고 그름은 시간이 판결한다.

눈은 입보다 더 많은 말을 한다. 입으로만 말하지 말고 표정으로도 말을 하라.

조리있게 말하라. 전개가 잘못되면 동쪽이 서쪽된다.

결코 남을 비판하지 말라. 남을 감싸주는 것이 덕망있는 사람의 태도다.

편집하며 말하라. 분위기에 맞게 넣고 빼면 차원높은 예술이 된다.

미운 사람에게는 각별히 대하여라. 각별하게 대해주면 적군도 아군이 된다.

남을 비판하지 말라. 남을 향해 쏘아올린 화살이 자신의 가슴에 명중된다.

재미있게 말하라. 사람들이 돈을 내고 극장가는 것도 재미가 있기 때문이다.

누구에게나 선한 말로 기분좋게 해주어라. 그래야 좋은 기의 파장이 주위를 둘러싼다.

상대방이 싫어하는 말을 하지 말라. 듣고 싶어하는 얘기를 하기에도 바쁜 세상이다.

말에도 맛이 있다. 입맛 떨어지는 말을 하지 말고 감칠 맛나는 말을 하라.

또박또박 알아듣도록 말하라. 속으로 웅얼거리면 염불하는지 욕하는지 남들은 모른다.

뒤에서 험담하는 사람과는 가까이 말라. 모진 놈 옆에 있다가 벼락맞는다.

올바른 생각을 많이 하라. 올바른 생각을 많이 하면 올바른 말이 나오게 된다.

부정적인 말은 하지도 듣지도 전하지도 말라. 부정적인 말은 부정타는 말이다.

모르면 이해될 때까지 열번이라도 물어라. 묻는 것은 결례가 아니다.

밝은 음색을 만들어 말하라. 듣기좋은 소리는 음악처럼 아름답게 느껴진다.

상대방을 높여서 말하라. 말의 예절은 몸으로 하는 예절보다 윗자리에 있다.

칭찬, 감사, 사랑의 말을 많이 사용하라. 그렇게 하면 사람이 따른다.

공통화제를 선택하라. 화제가 잘못되면 남의 다리를 긁는 셈이 된다.

입에서 나오는 대로 말하는 사람은 경솔한 사람이다. 가슴에서 우러나오는 말을 하라.

대상에 맞는 말을 하라. 사람마다 좋아하는 음식이 다르듯 좋아하는 말도 다르게 마련이다.

말로 입은 상처는 평생 간다. 말에는 지우개가 없으니 조심해서 말하라.

품위가 있는 말을 사용하라. 자신이 하는 말은 자신의 인격을 나타낸다.

자만, 교만, 거만은 적을 만드는 언어다. 자신을 낮춰 겸손하게 말하라.

기어들어가는 소리로 말하지 말라. 그것은 임종 할 때나 쓰는 말이다.

표정을 지으며 온 몸으로 말하라. 드라마 이상의 효과가 나타난다.

활기있게 말하라. 생동감은 상대방을 감동시키는 원동력이다.

솔직하게 말하고 진실하게 행하라. 그것이 승리자의 길이다.

말에는 언제나 책임이 따른다. 책임질 수 없는 말은 하지말라.

실언이 나쁜 것이 아니라, 변명이 나쁘다. 실언을 했을 때는 곧바로 사과하라.

말에는 메아리의 효과가 있다. 자신이 한말이 자신에게 가장 큰 영향을 미친다.

말이 씨가 된다. 어떤 씨앗을 뿌리고 있는가를 먼저 생각하라.

말하는 방법을 전문가에게 배워라. 스스로는 잘하는지 못하는지 판단하지 못한다.

적게 말하고 많이 들어라. 그래야 넉넉한 사람이 된다.