캠릿브지 대학의 연결구과에 따르면, 한 단어 안에서 글자가 어떤 순서로 배되열어
있는가 하것는은 중하요지 않고, 첫째번와 마지막 글자가 올바른 위치에 있것는이
중하요다고 한다. 나머지 글들자은 완전히 엉진창망의 순서로 되어 있지을라도
당신은 아무 문없제이 이것을 읽을 수 있다. 왜하냐면 인간의 두뇌는 모든 글자를
하나 하나 읽것는이 아니라 단어 하나를 전체로 인하식기 때이문다.
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다 읽으셨습니까?

그럼 다시 한번 한자 한자 읽어보세요.

신기하죠?

똑바른 선들이 경사져 보이죠?

1889년에 대부분의 착시 그림을 만든 독일의 정신과 의사 Franz Muller-Lyer의
대표적인 그림입니다.
분명히 길이가 같은 선이 차이가 나 보이죠?

휘어져 보이는 보라색 선은 사실은 직선 이랍니다...

직선에 엊갈린 사선을 더하자 휘어져 보이네요,,,

직사각형 좌측의 직선과 연결되는 선을 찾아 보세요...

사각형들 사이에 회색점이 보이는 듯 하죠?

중앙의 원이 움직이는 것 같죠?

와인잔?... 혹은 두 개의 얼굴?...

실제로는 그려져 있지 않은 흰 삼각형이 매우 사실적으로 보이죠?

색스폰을 부는 남성?... 아니면 소녀의 얼굴?...

숨어 있는 단어를 찾아보세요!

원 사이에 있는 사각형의 선이 휘어져 보이죠?

매우 유명한 그림입니다. 젊은 부인? 아니면 늙은 노파?...

푸른 면은 뒷면일까요, 아님 앞면일까요?

거짓말장이(Liar)로 그린 그림...

유명한 네커(naker) 입방체

좌우측 중앙의 원은 같은 크기랍니다. 왼쪽 중앙의 원이 훨씬 커보이죠?

당신은 계단 위에 있습니까, 아래에 있습니까?

이런 모양의 삼각형이 실제로 존재할 수 있을까요?

무엇으로 보이시나요?

좌우사선(V자)는 같은 길이라구요...

실제로는 길이가 같은 두 사각형의 윗변...
위 사각형의 윗변이 훨씬 길어 보이죠?

직선을 위어 보이게 하는 두가지 방법...

세 개 중 가장 긴 기둥은? 정답은 모두 같다!

완벽한 원이 형편없이 휘어져 보이죠?

Unit 20 Visiting

Pay a visit to visit (usually by previous arrangement)

             Also: call on

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: Thess idioms describe more formal visits that are usually prearranged. An object can be put after the verv in pay a visit.

             ▪ The country doctor paid a visit to a sick patient on a distant farm.

             ▪ I made sure to pay Alexandra a visit when I traveled to Chicago.

             ▪ The salesman called on the manager at the appointed time.

Drop in (on) to visit (usually not by previous arrangement)

             Also: drop by, come by, come over

         USAGE NOTE: Only the main entry can be used with on, followed by the identity of the person who is visited.

             ▪ It’s a pleasure to see you again. Please drop in any time.

             ▪ When Stan dropped in on an old friend, she was quite surprised to see him.

             ▪ I wanted to drop by earlier, but when it got so late I decided not to come over.

             ▪ Why don’t you come by tonight and we’ll talk some more?

Swing by to visit (often for the prupose of getting or buying something)

             Also: stop by

USAGE NOTE: These forms can also be used for informal visits (see previous entry).

             ▪ Why don’t you swing by my house to vorrow the tools that you need?

             ▪ Doreen stopped by the supermarket on her way home from work.

Stop over to visit (usually overnight)

             Related form: stopover(noun meaning “short stop”)

         USAGE NOTE: Both idioms usually refer to an airplane trip.

             ▪ On our trip north, we stopped over in San Francisco for two days.

             ▪ The airplane make a stopover in New York before continuting to Paris.

Get together to meet or gather for a visit

             Related form: get-together(noun)

         USAGE NOTE: This idiom is used for family gatherings and other group visits.

             ▪ All of my relatives get together at Thanksgiving for a turkey feast.

             ▪ If you’d like, we can have a get-together this weekend in my backyard.

Show in to guide someone idside, especially into one’s home.

             Also: come on in

             GRAMMAR NOTE: Show in is separable. Come on in is an invariable expression.

             ▪ Someone is knocking at the door. Could you show them in?

             ▪ Hey, Joe, I’m glad you could make it. Come on in!

make oneself at home to relax by removing one’s coat, sitting down, and getting comfortable

         USAGE NOTE: This idiom is used when guests first arrive.

             ▪ I’m glad you could come. Please make yourself at home.

             ▪ Helena’s guests made themselves at home in her warm and cozy living room.

Feel at home to feel comfortable, to be relaxed

         USAGE NOTE: This idiom is often used when it takes some time to feel relaxed in a ner environment.

             ▪ The Jognsons are good hosts. They know how to make their guests feel at home.

           ▪ It’s difficult to feel at home in a foreign country where you don’t speak the language.

Take a seat to sit on a couch, chair, stool, or other similar pieces of furniture

             ▪ Give me your coat and then take a seat in the living room. The meeting will begin soon.

Show out to guide someone out of somewhere such as one’s workplace or home

             Also: see out

             GRAMMAR NOTE: These idioms are separable.

             ▪ The zoo ranger had to show out several families that were still in the zoo when it closed.

             ▪ It was so nice of you to come. Let me see you out.

Unit 19 Inviting

How about..? a question form that is often used to make an invitation

             GRAMMAR NOTE: This idiom is usually followed by a gerund(verb+-ing)or a noun.

             ▪ Hi, Jane, I’m glad to see you. How about going to the dance with me tonight?

             ▪ I have an idea. How about lunch and a movie tomorrow afternoon?

Be free to be available for some occasion

             ▪ Are you free Saturday night to go to the museum reception?

             ▪ I called Tom to see if he was free to attend the meeting with me.

Ask out to invite on a date

             GRAMMAR NOTE: This idiom is separable.

             ▪ Poor Gary had to ask out several women before one of them accepted his invitation to the charity ball.

             ▪ Have you asked jill out on a date yet?

Have over to invite someont to visit one’s home

             GRAMMAR NOTE: This idiom is separable.

             ▪ Christina had over her entire family for Christmas dinner.

             ▪ I’d like to have you over for lunch some day when you’re free.

Go along(with) to accompany to a social activity.

             Also: come along(with), tag along(with)

         ▪ Wilma went along with her friends to the shopping center even though she really didn’t want to.

             ▪ Would you like to come along with us to Disneyland?

             ▪ Bob let his younger brothers tag along to the park because they asked nicely.

Take someone up on to accept an invitation or other offer

             Also: You’re on

             GRAMMAR NOTE: This idiom is separable.

▪ I wouldn’t turn down anyone who offered me a chance at a millon-dollar reward.

             ▪ Mr.Greer has asked his neighbor out many times, but she continues to turn him down.

Take a raincheck to postpone an invitation until a later time

             USAGE NOTE: Don’t confuse this idiom with the similar one in Unit 15, where it is used for purchasing unavailable sale items at a later date.

             ▪ I’m too busy to accept your kind invitation this time, but I’ll take a raincheck, OK?

             ▪ Instead of turning his invitation down right away, she took a raincheck.

Unit 18 Dating and Friendship

Go out (with) to date, to accompany socially on a single date

             Also: take someone out

             GRAMMAR NOTE: Take out is separable.

             ▪ Dave wanted to go out with the new girl at school, but he was too shy to ask.

             ▪ Mr. Nguyen took his fiancee out to a fancy restaurant on her birthday.

Go with to date on a regular basis

             Also: go steady (with)

             USAGE NOTE: Go steady is not commonly used by younger people. Go out with can also be used for a series of dates.

             ▪ Ula has been going with Sven for several months.

             ▪ Frank lets his girlfriend wear his jacket because they’re going steady.

             ▪ How long have you been going out with your friendly neighbor?

Blind date a date with a person whom one has not met before

             ▪ My roommate arranged a blind date for me so that I’d have someone to go to the party with.

             ▪ Sam didn’t want to go on a blind date, but he actually enjoyed I t very much.

Fix up (with) to arrange for two people to date

             Also: set up (with)

             GRAMMAR/USAGE NOTES: Fix up and set up are separable. The subject of the sentence is the person who arranges the date for another person.

             ▪ Craig didn’t have a date for the dance, so he was glad when his older bother fixed up up.

             ▪ The single mother’s sons finally succeeded in setting her up with a date.

Old flame a previous boyfriend or girlfriend

             Opposite meaning: new flame

             ▪ Kim was surprised when she accidentally met an old flame at the supermarket.

             ▪ Fred’s new flame has caused him to forget completely about his difficult divorce.

Break up (with) to end a relationship, to stop dating

             Also: split up (with), break off

             GRAMMAR/USAGE NOTES: Break off is separable.

             ▪ In the United States, 50 percent of all married people eventually break up.

             ▪ Dwight split up with his wife after ten years of marriage.

             ▪ The two high school students were tired of dating each other, so they broke their relationship off.

Stand someone up to fail to appear for a date, to leave waiting, to cancel at the last minute.

             GRAMMAR NOTE: The idiom is separable, and the object is usually after the verb.

             ▪ I can’t believe that Lydia stood Jake up last night without even calling him.

             ▪ Juergen waited an hour for his date, but it was obvious that she had stood him up.

Make up (with) to become friendly again after an argument or disagreement

             Also: get back together, bury the hatchet

             ▪ After two days of not talking to each other, Casey and Ann made up.

             ▪ Cindy tried to make up with her boyfriend, but he was still too upset.

             ▪ When two married people split up, they sometimes get back together at a later time.

             ▪ Let’s bury the hatchet and try to fix the problems in our relationship.

Unit 17 Family

Come from to originate from a place

             Also: be from

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: These idioms refer to one’s present or past homeland. When referring to one’s present homeland, only the simple present tense is used.

             ▪ Most of the students in my class come from Asia.

             ▪ Patrick’s ancestors all came from Scotland 200 years ago.

             ▪ I’m from Uruguay. Where are you from?

Grow up 1) to develop from a child into an adult 2) to mature

             Related form: grown-up (noun form meaning “adult”)

             USAGE NOTE: Grow up has two meanings. The first refers to natural physical development from child to adult. The second refers to reasonable, mature behavior.

             ▪ Mike was born in New York, but grew up in California.

             ▪ My fourteen-year-old son still acts foolishly. I hope he grows up soon.

             ▪ Small children need the constant supervision of grown-ups.

Bring up to raise, to rear, to educate

             GRAMMAR NOTE/USAGE NOTES: This idiom is separable. Note how it differs from grow up above: Children grow up (no object); parents bring up children (object).

             ▪ Martina is a well-adjusted child. Ger parents have brought her up carefully.

             ▪ It’s sometimes difficult to bring up children in today’s society.

Fresh and blood one’s relatives and immediate family

             USAGE NOTE: This idiom often is preceded by one’s own….

             ▪ All of our fresh and blood came to the big family reunion.

             ▪ Sue doesn’t want to tell the police about her brother’s crime because he’s her own fresh and blood.

Take after to resemble, to look like (for physical appearance)

             Also: be a chip off the old block

             USAGE NOTE: Take after can refer to similarities in personality or physical appearance. Be a chip off the block is used when two people in a family share the same characteristics in personality.

             ▪ Did you notice how Kate takes after her father in personality, but ger mother in looks?

             ▪ Larry is about as lazy as his father. He’s just a chip off the old block.

Settle down to begin a regular, stable life

             Also: put down roots

             USAGE NOTE: These idioms are used when someone who often moves or travels a lot finally decides to live a more normal life in one place. Settle down is also used for perple who have lived active social lives but are ready to limit their activities.

             ▪ Teresa’s family moved from state to state until finally they settled down in Arizona.

             ▪ After years of travelling and partying, Jason decided to settle down and have a family.

             ▪ My ancestors put down roots in America over a century ago.

Hand down to give from one generation to the next

             Also: pass down

             GRAMMAR NOTE: The pronoun me in hand-me-down cannot change form in any way.

             ▪ I still have the old stamp collection that my grandfather handed down to me.

             ▪ In every society, important traditions are passed down from generation to generation.

             ▪ Nancy has kept every hand-me-down that her relatives have ever given ger.

Give birth (to) to bear a child

             Also: have a child, have a (baby) boy/girl

             ▪ Mrs. Larsen’s family was surprised when she gave birth to twins.

             ▪ Have you and your husband decided whether you’re ready to have a child yet?

             ▪ My sister just had a bay boy. I’m an uncle!